public class RMIConnectionImpl extends Object implements RMIConnection, Unreferenced
Implementation of the RMIConnection interface. User
code will not usually reference this class.
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
RMIConnectionImpl(RMIServerImpl rmiServer,
String connectionId,
ClassLoader defaultClassLoader,
Subject subject,
Map<String,?> env)
Constructs a new
RMIConnection. |
public RMIConnectionImpl(RMIServerImpl rmiServer, String connectionId, ClassLoader defaultClassLoader, Subject subject, Map<String,?> env)
RMIConnection. This connection can be
used with either the JRMP or IIOP transport. This object does
not export itself: it is the responsibility of the caller to
export it appropriately (see RMIJRMPServerImpl.makeClient(String,Subject) and RMIIIOPServerImpl.makeClient(String,Subject).rmiServer - The RMIServerImpl object for which this
connection is created. The behavior is unspecified if this
parameter is null.connectionId - The ID for this connection. The behavior
is unspecified if this parameter is null.defaultClassLoader - The default ClassLoader to be used
when deserializing marshalled objects. Can be null, to signify
the bootstrap class loader.subject - the authenticated subject to be used for
authorization. Can be null, to signify that no subject has
been authenticated.env - the environment containing attributes for the new
RMIServerImpl. Can be null, equivalent to an
empty map.public String getConnectionId() throws IOException
RMIConnectionReturns the connection ID. This string is different for every open connection to a given RMI connector server.
getConnectionId in interface RMIConnectionIOException - if a general communication exception occurred.RMIConnector.connectpublic void close()
throws IOException
RMIConnectionCloses this connection. On return from this method, the RMI object implementing this interface is unexported, so further remote calls to it will fail.
close in interface Closeableclose in interface AutoCloseableclose in interface RMIConnectionIOException - if the connection could not be closed,
or the Remote object could not be unexported, or there was a
communication failure when transmitting the remote close
request.public void unreferenced()
Unreferencedunreferenced in interface Unreferencedpublic ObjectInstance createMBean(String className, ObjectName name, Subject delegationSubject) throws ReflectionException, InstanceAlreadyExistsException, MBeanRegistrationException, MBeanException, NotCompliantMBeanException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.createMBean(String,
ObjectName).createMBean in interface RMIConnectionclassName - The class name of the MBean to be instantiated.name - The object name of the MBean. May be null.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.ObjectInstance, containing the
ObjectName and the Java class name of the newly
instantiated MBean. If the contained ObjectName
is n, the contained Java class name is
getMBeanInfo(n).getClassName().ReflectionException - Wraps a
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException or a
java.lang.Exception that occurred
when trying to invoke the MBean's constructor.InstanceAlreadyExistsException - The MBean is already
under the control of the MBean server.MBeanRegistrationException - The
preRegister (MBeanRegistration
interface) method of the MBean has thrown an exception. The
MBean will not be registered.MBeanException - The constructor of the MBean has
thrown an exception.NotCompliantMBeanException - This class is not a JMX
compliant MBean.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public ObjectInstance createMBean(String className, ObjectName name, ObjectName loaderName, Subject delegationSubject) throws ReflectionException, InstanceAlreadyExistsException, MBeanRegistrationException, MBeanException, NotCompliantMBeanException, InstanceNotFoundException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.createMBean(String,
ObjectName, ObjectName).createMBean in interface RMIConnectionclassName - The class name of the MBean to be instantiated.name - The object name of the MBean. May be null.loaderName - The object name of the class loader to be used.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.ObjectInstance, containing the
ObjectName and the Java class name of the newly
instantiated MBean. If the contained ObjectName
is n, the contained Java class name is
getMBeanInfo(n).getClassName().ReflectionException - Wraps a
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException or a
java.lang.Exception that occurred when trying to
invoke the MBean's constructor.InstanceAlreadyExistsException - The MBean is already
under the control of the MBean server.MBeanRegistrationException - The
preRegister (MBeanRegistration
interface) method of the MBean has thrown an exception. The
MBean will not be registered.MBeanException - The constructor of the MBean has
thrown an exception.NotCompliantMBeanException - This class is not a JMX
compliant MBean.InstanceNotFoundException - The specified class loader
is not registered in the MBean server.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public ObjectInstance createMBean(String className, ObjectName name, MarshalledObject params, String[] signature, Subject delegationSubject) throws ReflectionException, InstanceAlreadyExistsException, MBeanRegistrationException, MBeanException, NotCompliantMBeanException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.createMBean(String,
ObjectName, Object[], String[]). The Object[]
parameter is wrapped in a MarshalledObject.createMBean in interface RMIConnectionclassName - The class name of the MBean to be instantiated.name - The object name of the MBean. May be null.params - An array containing the parameters of the
constructor to be invoked, encapsulated into a
MarshalledObject. The encapsulated array can be
null, equivalent to an empty array.signature - An array containing the signature of the
constructor to be invoked. Can be null, equivalent to an empty
array.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.ObjectInstance, containing the
ObjectName and the Java class name of the newly
instantiated MBean. If the contained ObjectName
is n, the contained Java class name is
getMBeanInfo(n).getClassName().ReflectionException - Wraps a
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException or a
java.lang.Exception that occurred when trying to
invoke the MBean's constructor.InstanceAlreadyExistsException - The MBean is already
under the control of the MBean server.MBeanRegistrationException - The
preRegister (MBeanRegistration
interface) method of the MBean has thrown an exception. The
MBean will not be registered.MBeanException - The constructor of the MBean has
thrown an exception.NotCompliantMBeanException - This class is not a JMX
compliant MBean.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public ObjectInstance createMBean(String className, ObjectName name, ObjectName loaderName, MarshalledObject params, String[] signature, Subject delegationSubject) throws ReflectionException, InstanceAlreadyExistsException, MBeanRegistrationException, MBeanException, NotCompliantMBeanException, InstanceNotFoundException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.createMBean(String,
ObjectName, ObjectName, Object[], String[]). The
Object[] parameter is wrapped in a
MarshalledObject.createMBean in interface RMIConnectionclassName - The class name of the MBean to be instantiated.name - The object name of the MBean. May be null.loaderName - The object name of the class loader to be used.params - An array containing the parameters of the
constructor to be invoked, encapsulated into a
MarshalledObject. The encapsulated array can be
null, equivalent to an empty array.signature - An array containing the signature of the
constructor to be invoked. Can be null, equivalent to an empty
array.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.ObjectInstance, containing the
ObjectName and the Java class name of the newly
instantiated MBean. If the contained ObjectName
is n, the contained Java class name is
getMBeanInfo(n).getClassName().ReflectionException - Wraps a
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException or a
java.lang.Exception that occurred when trying to
invoke the MBean's constructor.InstanceAlreadyExistsException - The MBean is already
under the control of the MBean server.MBeanRegistrationException - The
preRegister (MBeanRegistration
interface) method of the MBean has thrown an exception. The
MBean will not be registered.MBeanException - The constructor of the MBean has
thrown an exception.NotCompliantMBeanException - This class is not a JMX
compliant MBean.InstanceNotFoundException - The specified class loader
is not registered in the MBean server.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public void unregisterMBean(ObjectName name, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, MBeanRegistrationException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.unregisterMBean(ObjectName).unregisterMBean in interface RMIConnectionname - The object name of the MBean to be unregistered.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean specified is not
registered in the MBean server.MBeanRegistrationException - The preDeregister
((MBeanRegistration interface) method of the MBean
has thrown an exception.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public ObjectInstance getObjectInstance(ObjectName name, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.getObjectInstance(ObjectName).getObjectInstance in interface RMIConnectionname - The object name of the MBean.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.ObjectInstance associated with the MBean
specified by name. The contained ObjectName
is name and the contained class name is
getMBeanInfo(name).getClassName().InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean specified is not
registered in the MBean server.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public Set<ObjectInstance> queryMBeans(ObjectName name, MarshalledObject query, Subject delegationSubject) throws IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.queryMBeans(ObjectName,
QueryExp). The QueryExp is wrapped in a
MarshalledObject.queryMBeans in interface RMIConnectionname - The object name pattern identifying the MBeans to
be retrieved. If null or no domain and key properties are
specified, all the MBeans registered will be retrieved.query - The query expression to be applied for selecting
MBeans, encapsulated into a MarshalledObject. If
the MarshalledObject encapsulates a null value no
query expression will be applied for selecting MBeans.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.ObjectInstance
objects for the selected MBeans. If no MBean satisfies the
query an empty list is returned.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public Set<ObjectName> queryNames(ObjectName name, MarshalledObject query, Subject delegationSubject) throws IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.queryNames(ObjectName,
QueryExp). The QueryExp is wrapped in a
MarshalledObject.queryNames in interface RMIConnectionname - The object name pattern identifying the MBean names
to be retrieved. If null or no domain and key properties are
specified, the name of all registered MBeans will be retrieved.query - The query expression to be applied for selecting
MBeans, encapsulated into a MarshalledObject. If
the MarshalledObject encapsulates a null value no
query expression will be applied for selecting MBeans.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public boolean isRegistered(ObjectName name, Subject delegationSubject) throws IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.isRegistered(ObjectName).isRegistered in interface RMIConnectionname - The object name of the MBean to be checked.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public Integer getMBeanCount(Subject delegationSubject) throws IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.getMBeanCount().getMBeanCount in interface RMIConnectiondelegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public Object getAttribute(ObjectName name, String attribute, Subject delegationSubject) throws MBeanException, AttributeNotFoundException, InstanceNotFoundException, ReflectionException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.getAttribute(ObjectName,
String).getAttribute in interface RMIConnectionname - The object name of the MBean from which the
attribute is to be retrieved.attribute - A String specifying the name of the attribute
to be retrieved.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.MBeanException - Wraps an exception thrown by the
MBean's getter.AttributeNotFoundException - The attribute specified
is not accessible in the MBean.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean specified is not
registered in the MBean server.ReflectionException - Wraps a
java.lang.Exception thrown when trying to invoke
the getter.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.RMIConnection.setAttribute(javax.management.ObjectName, java.rmi.MarshalledObject, javax.security.auth.Subject)public AttributeList getAttributes(ObjectName name, String[] attributes, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, ReflectionException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.getAttributes(ObjectName,
String[]).getAttributes in interface RMIConnectionname - The object name of the MBean from which the
attributes are retrieved.attributes - A list of the attributes to be retrieved.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean specified is not
registered in the MBean server.ReflectionException - An exception occurred when
trying to invoke the getAttributes method of a Dynamic MBean.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.RMIConnection.setAttributes(javax.management.ObjectName, java.rmi.MarshalledObject, javax.security.auth.Subject)public void setAttribute(ObjectName name, MarshalledObject attribute, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, AttributeNotFoundException, InvalidAttributeValueException, MBeanException, ReflectionException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.setAttribute(ObjectName,
Attribute). The Attribute parameter is wrapped
in a MarshalledObject.setAttribute in interface RMIConnectionname - The name of the MBean within which the attribute is
to be set.attribute - The identification of the attribute to be set
and the value it is to be set to, encapsulated into a
MarshalledObject.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean specified is not
registered in the MBean server.AttributeNotFoundException - The attribute specified
is not accessible in the MBean.InvalidAttributeValueException - The value specified
for the attribute is not valid.MBeanException - Wraps an exception thrown by the
MBean's setter.ReflectionException - Wraps a
java.lang.Exception thrown when trying to invoke
the setter.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.RMIConnection.getAttribute(javax.management.ObjectName, java.lang.String, javax.security.auth.Subject)public AttributeList setAttributes(ObjectName name, MarshalledObject attributes, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, ReflectionException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.setAttributes(ObjectName,
AttributeList). The AttributeList parameter is
wrapped in a MarshalledObject.setAttributes in interface RMIConnectionname - The object name of the MBean within which the
attributes are to be set.attributes - A list of attributes: The identification of
the attributes to be set and the values they are to be set to,
encapsulated into a MarshalledObject.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean specified is not
registered in the MBean server.ReflectionException - An exception occurred when
trying to invoke the getAttributes method of a Dynamic MBean.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.RMIConnection.getAttributes(javax.management.ObjectName, java.lang.String[], javax.security.auth.Subject)public Object invoke(ObjectName name, String operationName, MarshalledObject params, String[] signature, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, MBeanException, ReflectionException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.invoke(ObjectName,
String, Object[], String[]). The Object[]
parameter is wrapped in a MarshalledObject.invoke in interface RMIConnectionname - The object name of the MBean on which the method is
to be invoked.operationName - The name of the operation to be invoked.params - An array containing the parameters to be set when
the operation is invoked, encapsulated into a
MarshalledObject. The encapsulated array can be
null, equivalent to an empty array.signature - An array containing the signature of the
operation. The class objects will be loaded using the same
class loader as the one used for loading the MBean on which the
operation was invoked. Can be null, equivalent to an empty
array.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean specified is not
registered in the MBean server.MBeanException - Wraps an exception thrown by the
MBean's invoked method.ReflectionException - Wraps a
java.lang.Exception thrown while trying to invoke
the method.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public String getDefaultDomain(Subject delegationSubject) throws IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.getDefaultDomain().getDefaultDomain in interface RMIConnectiondelegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public String[] getDomains(Subject delegationSubject) throws IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.getDomains().getDomains in interface RMIConnectiondelegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public MBeanInfo getMBeanInfo(ObjectName name, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, IntrospectionException, ReflectionException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.getMBeanInfo(ObjectName).getMBeanInfo in interface RMIConnectionname - The name of the MBean to analyzedelegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.MBeanInfo allowing the
retrieval of all attributes and operations of this MBean.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean specified was
not found.IntrospectionException - An exception occurred during
introspection.ReflectionException - An exception occurred when
trying to invoke the getMBeanInfo of a Dynamic MBean.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public boolean isInstanceOf(ObjectName name, String className, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.isInstanceOf(ObjectName,
String).isInstanceOf in interface RMIConnectionname - The ObjectName of the MBean.className - The name of the class.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean specified is not
registered in the MBean server.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public Integer[] addNotificationListeners(ObjectName[] names, MarshalledObject[] filters, Subject[] delegationSubjects) throws InstanceNotFoundException, IOException
RMIConnectionHandles the method MBeanServerConnection.addNotificationListener(ObjectName,
NotificationListener, NotificationFilter, Object).
Register for notifications from the given MBeans that match
the given filters. The remote client can subsequently retrieve
the notifications using the fetchNotifications method.
For each listener, the original
NotificationListener and handback are
kept on the client side; in order for the client to be able to
identify them, the server generates and returns a unique
listenerID. This listenerID is
forwarded with the Notifications to the remote
client.
If any one of the given (name, filter) pairs cannot be registered, then the operation fails with an exception, and no names or filters are registered.
addNotificationListeners in interface RMIConnectionnames - the ObjectNames identifying the
MBeans emitting the Notifications.filters - an array of marshalled representations of the
NotificationFilters. Elements of this array can
be null.delegationSubjects - the Subjects on behalf
of which the listeners are being added. Elements of this array
can be null. Also, the delegationSubjects
parameter itself can be null, which is equivalent to an array
of null values with the same size as the names and
filters arrays.listenerIDs identifying the
local listeners. This array has the same number of elements as
the parameters.InstanceNotFoundException - if one of the
names does not correspond to any registered MBean.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public void addNotificationListener(ObjectName name, ObjectName listener, MarshalledObject filter, MarshalledObject handback, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.addNotificationListener(ObjectName,
ObjectName, NotificationFilter, Object). The
NotificationFilter parameter is wrapped in a
MarshalledObject. The Object
(handback) parameter is also wrapped in a
MarshalledObject.addNotificationListener in interface RMIConnectionname - The name of the MBean on which the listener should
be added.listener - The object name of the listener which will
handle the notifications emitted by the registered MBean.filter - The filter object, encapsulated into a
MarshalledObject. If filter encapsulated in the
MarshalledObject has a null value, no filtering
will be performed before handling notifications.handback - The context to be sent to the listener when a
notification is emitted, encapsulated into a
MarshalledObject.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean name of the
notification listener or of the notification broadcaster does
not match any of the registered MBeans.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.RMIConnection.removeNotificationListener(ObjectName, ObjectName, Subject),
RMIConnection.removeNotificationListener(ObjectName, ObjectName,
MarshalledObject, MarshalledObject, Subject)public void removeNotificationListeners(ObjectName name, Integer[] listenerIDs, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, ListenerNotFoundException, IOException
RMIConnectionHandles the
removeNotificationListener(ObjectName, NotificationListener) and
removeNotificationListener(ObjectName, NotificationListener, NotificationFilter, Object) methods.
This method removes one or more
NotificationListeners from a given MBean in the
MBean server.
The NotificationListeners are identified by the
IDs which were returned by the RMIConnection.addNotificationListeners(ObjectName[], MarshalledObject[],
Subject[]) method.
removeNotificationListeners in interface RMIConnectionname - the ObjectName identifying the MBean
emitting the Notifications.listenerIDs - the list of the IDs corresponding to the
listeners to remove.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - if the given
name does not correspond to any registered MBean.ListenerNotFoundException - if one of the listeners was
not found on the server side. This exception can happen if the
MBean discarded a listener for some reason other than a call to
MBeanServer.removeNotificationListener.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public void removeNotificationListener(ObjectName name, ObjectName listener, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, ListenerNotFoundException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.removeNotificationListener(ObjectName,
ObjectName).removeNotificationListener in interface RMIConnectionname - The name of the MBean on which the listener should
be removed.listener - The object name of the listener to be removed.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean name provided
does not match any of the registered MBeans.ListenerNotFoundException - The listener is not
registered in the MBean.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.RMIConnection.addNotificationListener(javax.management.ObjectName, javax.management.ObjectName, java.rmi.MarshalledObject, java.rmi.MarshalledObject, javax.security.auth.Subject)public void removeNotificationListener(ObjectName name, ObjectName listener, MarshalledObject filter, MarshalledObject handback, Subject delegationSubject) throws InstanceNotFoundException, ListenerNotFoundException, IOException
RMIConnectionMBeanServerConnection.removeNotificationListener(ObjectName,
ObjectName, NotificationFilter, Object). The
NotificationFilter parameter is wrapped in a
MarshalledObject. The Object
parameter is also wrapped in a MarshalledObject.removeNotificationListener in interface RMIConnectionname - The name of the MBean on which the listener should
be removed.listener - A listener that was previously added to this
MBean.filter - The filter that was specified when the listener
was added, encapsulated into a MarshalledObject.handback - The handback that was specified when the
listener was added, encapsulated into a MarshalledObject.delegationSubject - The Subject containing the
delegation principals or null if the authentication
principal is used instead.InstanceNotFoundException - The MBean name provided
does not match any of the registered MBeans.ListenerNotFoundException - The listener is not
registered in the MBean, or it is not registered with the given
filter and handback.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.RMIConnection.addNotificationListener(javax.management.ObjectName, javax.management.ObjectName, java.rmi.MarshalledObject, java.rmi.MarshalledObject, javax.security.auth.Subject)public NotificationResult fetchNotifications(long clientSequenceNumber, int maxNotifications, long timeout) throws IOException
RMIConnectionRetrieves notifications from the connector server. This method can block until there is at least one notification or until the specified timeout is reached. The method can also return at any time with zero notifications.
A notification can be included in the result if its sequence
number is no less than clientSequenceNumber and
this client has registered at least one listener for the MBean
generating the notification, with a filter that accepts the
notification. Each listener that is interested in the
notification is identified by an Integer ID that was returned
by RMIConnection.addNotificationListeners(ObjectName[],
MarshalledObject[], Subject[]).
fetchNotifications in interface RMIConnectionclientSequenceNumber - the first sequence number that the
client is interested in. If negative, it is interpreted as
meaning the sequence number that the next notification will
have.maxNotifications - the maximum number of different
notifications to return. The TargetedNotification
array in the returned NotificationResult can have
more elements than this if the same notification appears more
than once. The behavior is unspecified if this parameter is
negative.timeout - the maximum time in milliseconds to wait for a
notification to arrive. This can be 0 to indicate that the
method should not wait if there are no notifications, but
should return at once. It can be Long.MAX_VALUE
to indicate that there is no timeout. The behavior is
unspecified if this parameter is negative.NotificationResult.IOException - if a general communication exception occurred.public String toString()
Returns a string representation of this object. In general,
the toString method returns a string that
"textually represents" this object. The result should be a
concise but informative representation that is easy for a
person to read.
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